The first attempt to reconstruct the chronicles of transforming the regional publishing, printing and bookselling structures subordinated to the capital academic Publishing House «Nauka» was undertaken. The complexity of the study is due to the fragmentation of sources. Most of the documents presented in this paper were identified in the regional enterprises current archives presented by their heads. Frequent change of companies’ names and their executives also hindered the materials searching. Based on the analysis of this information one can restore the sequence of reorganizations in the 1990s and put into scientific circulation documents, which make it possible to judge some results and consequences of reforms. References in the article reflect the original titles of documents available to authors. Transformations had to find the optimal structural and management schemes, which could reduce the production cost of scientific editions under complicated economic conditions. For this purpose in early 1990s a series of structural reorganization to join publishing, printing and book-selling units of Publishing House «Nauka», both in Moscow and in regions, was carried on. In Novosibirsk in 1995 the Siberian publishing, printing and bookselling company «Nauka» as a subsidiary production unit of «Nauka» Akademizdattsentr of RAS was created on the base of the Siberian Branch of «Nauka» publishing house, Academic printing office № 4 and the Siberian Branch of «Akademkniga» wholesale-retail. However, inspection of the combined entity showed low efficiency of its activity and by the end of the decade the processes of separation and returning to the same structural scheme under new names: Siberian Publishing House «Nauka», Siberian printing company «Nauka», regional bookseller company «Akademkniga» - were launched.

The history of the illegal press in Siberia since the creation of the Soviet state upto the USSR collapse was studied. Main tendencies of unsanctioned publishing activity in the Soviet period are characterized. The study is based on a wide range of sources, many of them are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. It was found that the forms and content of uncensored editions were conditioned by a specific historical social-political conditions and social-cultural processes. The continuity of pre-revolutionary traditions of the underground press was traced. For the first Soviet decade (1920s-1930s) illegal publications were means of ideological confrontation and existed mainly in the form of propaganda leaflets. As far as political conflicts were weakened from «Ottepel’» to «Perestroika», self-publishing became not only a mouthpiece of the opposition, but also an additional information channel. Unauthorized printed products are modified, their thematic spectrum is widening. In 1987-1991 uncensored press was gradually emerging from the underground and was transformed into the alternative press reflecting processes taking place in the country: the crisis of the USSR political system, a multi-party system establishment. Unauthorized publishing activity investigation fills the gaps in the history of regional book business, as well as provides insight into the evolution of the Siberian society mentality.

Turgenev Public Library history in late XIX - the first third of the XX centuries is represented. The reasons of the library popularity growth among the Russian emigrants after 1917 revolutions are revealed. It was found that since the establishment of Turgenev Public Library the Russian official authority in France had negative attitude towards it, therefore the most of readers were political emigrants and students. At the time the visitors did not have enough money for the library maintenance, this fact put it under constant threat of closure. After the revolutions of 1917 the library became the important cultural and scientific center of the Russian emigration. Memoirs of the library board members allowed us do such conclusion. Studying history of Turgenev Public Library let us to reveal and confirm differences of book culture significance at various stages of the Russian emigration in late XIX - early XX centuries.

The article is devoted to the hundredth issue of scientific papers collection «Book. Research and Materials». The subjects, scientific level, novelty, importance to science of published materials on bibliology, book history are analyzed. The authors, their contribution to the edition, main directions of research and publications are disclosed and evaluated.

Publishing activity of the Far Eastern museums in 1992-2012 is studied. On the basis of a comparative analysis of data represented by Rosstat, the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation and portal «Museums of Russia» it was revealed that their statistics differ significantly. This circumstance doesn’t allow concluding surely what part of the Far East Museums produces publishing production. Centralization, character for the publishing activities of Russian museums is marked. It is associated with a concentration of museums bearing major national values in the central and north-western areas of the state. The Far East museums carrying on publishing activity were identified by data of the Internet portal «Museums of Russia», regional museum sites, bibliographic indices «Published in Primorsky Territory», «Published in Sakhalin», «Published in Khabarovsk Territory». The analysis of these sources showed that systematically publishing is generated only by large state regional and territorial museums. Departmental and municipal museums produce their publications irregularly due to lack of funds. The limiting factor is the absence of own printing facilities in museums. Main types of museum editions - periodical «Local Lore Notes» and «Heralds», monographs, collections of scientific papers and proceedings of conference and readings, exhibition catalogs and collections - are viewed. Cases of each edition type are represented. Specific feature of the Far Eastern museum book publishing is printing literature devoted to indigenous peoples of the region. The most relevant direction of museums publishing activity in early XXI century is the production of popular publications addressed to all categories of visitors. It is marked a shortage of books prepared by local museums for a children audience at the Far East. Museum editions are an important element of the cultural life in the region, acquaint readers with the natural and historical uniqueness of its territory.

Scientists of the Department of Library Science and Reading Theory of St. Petersburg State University of Culture and Arts express their points of view on the problem of studying and definition of the library science research schools (RS). Today there are no generally accepted methods and description of RS as a socio-cultural institution, there is no unified strategy for their development in the library science, there is no consensus on what meaning should be invested in the «research school» notion. It’s multivariate; it is impossible to reduce it to a single unified definition yet. There are different RS in the library science, which are based on various features (mostly combinations of them). Their analysis allows us to state that this set defines a specific RS. One of the signs proposed is territorial, joining scholars engaged in research within a certain area (region, city, academic city, etc.) into a single scientific community. A common proposal, to consider RS only as an informal association of scientists unrelated to and independent on the administrative work of the head, is inconclusively. No less controversial proposal is to consider the disciples only those scientists who were able to defend the theses, because some graduate students were not able to do it by domestic and everyday problems. It’s doubtful the desire to correlate a research school with the number of dissertations defended under the guidance of a supervisor, as the number of graduate students is not always dependent on the scientific head, but of the plan of admission to post-graduate school. As for RS it’s more important not the number of students, but what new things they introduce in the studied problem. Dissertation subjects do not always fit into frames of the same problem. This phenomenon is quite typical for the library science and reflects the leading library researchers focusing on studying several scientific problems simultaneously. Expanding horizons of researcher interests enriches the theoretical foundation of library science, and attempts to «fix» the research school to the only direction, tabooing evolution of a research program of RS will lead to stagnation with the resulting consequences sooner or later. Widening the circle of scientific interests in the course of researcher professional activities is natural and gives additional arguments in favor of understanding the temporal «mobility» of the RS concept, the possibility to regard an investigator to different schools at diverse stages of his exploration, integrating approaches of different schools in papers of a scientist, especially for studying complex multi-dimensional phenomena. Despite the existing investigations on RS in the library-information sphere, there is no clarity on distinguishing one school from the others. There are three basic directions in specialty 05.25.03 «Library Science, Bibliographic Science and Bibliology», according to which Ph.D. thesis are defended at the library-information faculties. Scientific disciplines are branched based on interconnectivity of these sciences within mentioned three basic directions. But the analysis of formation and development of library-information activity sphere in the historical aspect shows «diving» of individual scientists, research groups into scientific problems, which previously were assigned by specific departments, «intrusion» into adjacent areas and their «capture». This is facilitated by the reorganization and renaming of departments, restructuring curricula. Objectivity and integrity in RS studying is important not to «speculate» on such schools and their identification, categorical assertions that one scientist has a school, and the other hasn’t. Much due to the problem delicacy remains unsaid, intentionally bypassed, and even distorted in the process of interpreting the specific merits of a certain RS. Understanding and description of RS on the basis of different approaches is the most productive way to develop this problem of the science of science. By way of posing the problem one can identify research groups with RS signs emerged at the Department of Library Science in N. K. Krupskaya Leningrad State University of Culture in Soviet times and continued their development later: RS on activity with readers by V. F. Sakharov, nowadays it’s a school of library-information servicing in St. Petersburg State University of Culture and Arts under the guidance of professors V. S. Kreydenko and V. A. Borodina, each leads a specific direction within the school; RS on library science by professor A. N. Vaneev. Schools of library scientists by G. G. Firsov and B. Yu. Adelman are to be studied. It’s suggested that it must be preferable to call schools of not on research directions or problems, but using names of their founders and leaders - «L. B. Khavkina’s school», «Yu. V. Grigoriev’s school», «V. F. Sakharov’s school», «Yu. N. Stolyarov’s school» etc.

The author understands the quality of products and services as the degree of proper characteristics correspondence to certain requirements. Requirements to the library collection (LC) quality are defined by consumers, founders and library patrons. The main consumer requirement is reliability and comfort use of documents from the stock, which is largely provided by the organization to its access. For the founder and library management it is important a reasonable combination of LC quality and cost-effectiveness for its maintenance and development. Target settings to provide collection quality are specified in the technological and economic demands to it: conformity of LC composition to its profile preassigned by the founder, completeness, reliability, and renewability of stocks. In addition, requirements generated at the society level are prior in assessing the LC quality. They are associated with the implementation of the cultural-saving, cultural-modeling, cultural-educational, cultural-forming and cultural-providing functions of LC and are expressed in the informational and documental completeness of its basic part. Only under such conditions LC becomes socially significant product of library production performing multiple roles in the society.

Article contains the results of a bibliometric analysis of foreign journals using Journal Citation Report DB on ISI Web of Knowledge platform. The study was conducted in order to raise the efficiency of stock acquisition with foreign periodicals taking into account demands of the Ural Branch (UB) of RAS users. The objectives of the study was also to inform users about journals with high impact factor (IF) in fields of their research and the rating analysis of subscribed journals within subject categories. The analysis was carried out in several stages. The first stage - on the basis of requests to institutions and analysis of research directions reflected on the institution websites, lists of headings on research subjects for each institution were prepared. Headings were compared with a list of subject categories in the JCR DB and a single list of subject headings in English was formed to avoid discrepancy in translation. The second stage - for each of the selected subject category of a list of 10 journals with a high IF for 2011 in JCR DB was unloaded. Lists of headings on research topics were done for each Institute of UB RAS. Investigation results permitted us to analyze the acquisition effectiveness with foreign periodicals in the scientific library, to identify new ranking journals on of research directions of UB RAS institutions and new trends of acquisition analyzing ratings journals of different subject categories, to clarify the information needs of users in actual foreign periodicals. The bibliometric analysis approach requires considerable labor and time costs, but is a useful auxiliary tool for the effective stock acquisition of the scientific library.

The paper examines the causes of changes in relationships between the SPSTL SB RAS, as a coordinating-methodical center, and the library network of SB RAS. More than fifty years SPSTL SB RAS has been providing organizational, managerial and administrative functions in relation to libraries of the network. Consequently, there were hierarchical relationships among them with the leading role of SPSTL SB RAS. In 2008 the labor legislation changed, and a new legal situation appeared. Development of the Internet and information technologies has contributed to the establishment of equal relationships of all participants of the integration processes in the electronic environment. In 2013 the Russian Academy of Sciences reforming began: one of the main directions - the centralized acquisition of libraries carried by SPSTL SB RAS - was canceled. Under current conditions the concept of organization of scientific-methodical activity of SPSTL SB RAS has changed. The transition from «top-down» scientific-methodical support of SB RAS library network to «bottom-up» methodical counseling implemented in depending on the needs of libraries according to their requests has taken place. Methodical counseling is typical for modern organization of librarianship of the most foreign countries.

Results of the discussion on the importance of the legal deposit system (LDS) for the library collections formation and book culture and evolution taken place at «round table» «The 5^th anniversary of adoption of Novosibirsk region law “On legal deposit of documents”» are considered. A brief overview of 500-year history development of LDS is presented. The national system of legal deposit of published works appeared in 1783 in Russia. The Soviet legal deposit system, being finally formed in 1959, was one of the best in the world and included 398 sets of current editions. After the USSR collapse a negative attitude of printing environment to the legal deposit led to the fact that about 30% of published books were not included in the National Bibliography indices in 1991-1993. One of the modern trends on the regional publishing conservation and development, strengthen the local legal deposit system became fairs, shows, exhibitions, festivals, organized by library performing the functions of regional «book chambers»: so-called exhibitions of the legal deposit. The activity of Novosibirsk State Regional Scientific Library (NSRSL) and State Public Scientific-Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPSTL SB RAS) on gathering legal deposit collections of the federal and federal subject level is examined; the dynamics of the regional legal deposit entering NSRSL in 1999-2013 is shown. The history analyses of LDS formation allowed the authors to draw conclusions on its influence on information, monuments and pieces of national culture preserving; forming the idea of copyright and intellectual property protection; on creating and developing such social institutions as the national bibliography and the national collections of publications forming. LDS is guaranteed and time-tested means of registration, preservation and analysis of the national information flow, a mirror of intellectual and spiritual life of each generation. Development of the information space, expansion of an electronic segment of the national information flow supposes modification of historical structures for the legal deposit collection and preservation, but requires an extremely thoughtful and cautious approach.

The library activity analysis of the Pechora Natural-Historical Station at the Academy of Sciences (1906-1914) showed that it had a scientific, popular, and applied character that corresponded to A. V. Zhuravsky views on science popularization, it was a specialized professional agricultural library in the remote site near the Arctic Circle. Now it represents a unique complex of the early XX century spiritual culture in Komi region and maintains its uniqueness. The museum books reflect the development level of different branches in agricultural science and applied agricultural knowledge. The collection is not rare at the Russian scale, but it contains the books referred to rare editions in various libraries of the country, and one book can’t be exported from the Russian Federation. Accounting the rural settlement remoteness, the difficulties of transportation preserving to the beginning of the XXI century, the existence of such professional library as a part of the museum is a rarity.

The paper is devoted to the publishing annotation genre. The State Standard requirements to an annotation and cases of abstracts are represented. Studying reader's perception of publishing annotations was undertaken in order to identify the reasons for their non-compliance. The readers group of 98 persons with average, undergraduate and graduate education was surveyed. They were asked to answer a series of questions, in particular, to identify: Do they read annotations to editions? Do annotations influence the choice of books? What information do readers want to get from the summary? Do expectations after reading the summary match impressions after reading the book? Results of the survey analysis were supported by readers' reviews on various sites of online stores, allowing us to come to the conclusion: the most readers did not agree with the genre definition of annotations, considered that summaries inadequately reflect books content. To identify the causes of discrepancy between copyright/publishing plan and readers’ perception we carried on another survey. Customers in a bookstore were offered to read a specific annotation and answer some questions. Communicative situations conditioned a mismatch of readers’ expectations and authors plot were analyzed. Such communicative situation is considered to be more significant, when the discrepancy between the authors concept and its understanding by an addressee due to specific features of the individual recipient consciousness type.

The role of the past book as a source of new librarianship knowledge is examined. The main purpose of this article is to characterize the views of bibliologists and library scientists on the role of books in culture development. The authors argue that the definition of the scientific truth criteria in library science, the analysis of its epistemological bases are impossible without studying evolution of the library science theory. A special role in the formation and transformation of librarianship knowledge is allotted to textbooks containing systematic information in accordance with the branch state at the time of its creation. The theoretical value of the textbook is reduced over time while the old knowledge is replaced by new one. Studying ideological dominants of the past with an old textbook, professionals maintain the cultural matrix of modern librarianship knowledge.

The stages of the academic libraries formation in Siberia and the Far East since 1924, the time of appearance of the first scientific institution library, to 2014 were represented. The history of the centralized library systems (CBS) formation of the Siberian and Far Eastern Branches of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (Russian Academy of Sciences) in the context of science development was reconstructed. Problems of libraries functioning arisen under conditions of science reform in connection with the adoption of the Federal Law № 253-FZ «On the Russian Academy of Sciences, reorganization of the state academies of sciences and amending certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation» (2013) and the Presidential Decree № 735 «On the Federal Agency of research organizations» (2013) were marked. Academic libraries play a leading role in scientific communication: acting as information centers extend the field of researcher information activity. Currently, the system of subordination of research institutions of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the algorithm of their funding are changed, that can adversely affect the performance of academic libraries operating under CBS frames. First of all, it will reflect on the document-information base, the quality of which depends largely on the capacity of its accession and development. Changing the model of economic-financial relations primarily will destroy the technology of centralized acquisition of library collections, which negatively affect science information support. From the authors’ point of view, CBS parted into autonomous libraries of research institutions will cease to exist as a single resource-forming center, coordinating and organizing information support of fundamental and applied research in Siberia and the Far East. Transformations will take place in the system of methodical management of libraries, which have successfully implemented by the central libraries of CBS on all directions of their activity. The algorithm of joint libraries actions promoting their effective development may be changed. Academic libraries need to find ways out of this situation in order to continue to fulfill their mission (information support of science, preservation of historical-cultural heritage and passing it to future generations).

Informatization in most cases is regarded as an absolute benefit to mankind. At the same time, there is an invisible struggle between informatization and humanization. The latest communication tools, expanding the possibilities of cultures intercourse, create a range of communicative and psychological problems at the same time. The author shows how computerization can threaten mankind. The essence of the fundamental paradoxes are: 1) «knowledge society» rapidly reproduces «society of persons knowing nothing» 2) «high» and «low» culture has interchanged, 3) in a huge communicating space the problem of meaning loss has exacerbated etc. Under such circumstances, the library is one of those institutions, which helps the individual, society to comprehend the information, to develop knowledge, to create new ones through a variety of communication processes. Just libraries can compensate a deficiency of communication, save a modern man from discomfort, overcome diverse processes orientation - information (intended for the mass users) and communicative (designed for personal and conscious perception) ones. As far as the majority of changes in a modern man existence act against humanity, the author believes, that the most urgent task of modern library science is to disclose a particular meaning of libraries humanistic mission, which have always been the humanistic social institution.

The objective of library activities modernization, determined by dynamic processes peculiar for political, economic and social life of our society, faces at a modern stage of higher school and academic library development. To solve the problem we need a strategy for achieving sustainable parity between the external environment and internal capabilities of the library. A shift from the funding by the library presence to financing focused on the final product make the library use available resources more effective. The analysis of statistical parameters of the academic library precedes elaboration of the strategic directions of the library activity. Modern library statistics is based on accounting. On its basis it was performed statistical records, which are quantitative indices of the library performance, reflecting main amount of work carried by the library. The article analyzes main statistical indicators of the library activity, such as: the number of users, books circulation, visits. The current state of Orenburg State University Scientific Library (OSU SL) is characterized. The comparison of absolute and average indicators of the library activity was carried out for several years, trends were identified, and the prognosis of its development was determined for the mid- and long-term periods. Based on the statistical analysis of OSU SL activity for 2009-2013 it was clearly shown the influence of e-books of the electronic library systems on attendance and traditional circulation. The process of traditional collection displacement takes place, which scales depend on the readers demand for e-books and the level of e-library systems development. On the background of the library parameters falling to identify new growth points and strategic orientations is of great significance. It’s required a set of actions for creation and implementation of particular types of strategies as components of the general library strategy. As a result, a consistent, unified and integrated model of decisions should be formed, that affects the development of the library infrastructure, features of information resources generation, modification of provided information services, as well as the staff skills and functional.

A debatable issue at the present stage of libraries development is finding a compromise between the public interest in a public library services for Russian citizens and the private interests of rights holders to ensure their intellectual property rights. The purpose of this article is to analyze the changes in the legal regulation of relations arising with the creation and use of products of science, literature and arts and their effect on Russian libraries activity. Federal Law № 72-FZ «On amendments and additions to the Russian Federation law “On copyright and related rights”» (20.07.2004) introduced rules limiting the freedom of libraries to use copyright products, in particular the ban on providing temporary free applying digital copies of publications (including those provided by the mutual use of library resources) outdoor libraries. After the entry into force of the 4^th part of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation since 01.01.2008 the library community has consistently defended the need to amend Articles 1273-1275 of the 4^th part of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and to overcome erected legal barriers. The result of six-year struggle was a certain compromise between the interests of libraries and rights holders, made in adopted Federal Law № 35-FZ «On amendments to the first, second and fourth parts of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation» (12.03.2014). A new version of the 4^th part of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation attempted to balance the public interest in accessibility of services provided by the library and the private interest of copyright holders in protecting intellectual property rights, which is one of the can be considered as one of the most pressing challenges of our time - library-copyright confrontation. The author was directly involved in the development of amendments to the 4^th part of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation in respect of the libraries activities and their lobbying the process of the Federal Law № 35-FZ discussion and adoption.

The purpose of the article is to reveal the extent of RSCI reflection of the Bulgarian historians publications/references in two aspects: the Russian-language articles in periodicals and Bulgarian books. The comparative analysis was used in the study. According to RSCI data (compared to WoS & SCOPUS) it was found, on one hand, that the Bulgarian historians relatively rare publish their papers in Russian journals (99 articles). On the other hand, it became clear that Bulgarian books, including historical topics, are much more represented in the National Electronic Library, than in the world's science citation indices. It has been established that the Cyrillic alphabet and the Bulgarian language is not an obstacle to RISC; it successfully indexes Bulgarian editions and links them to references. This fact indicates that RISC is able to give an effective contribution to refine results of Bulgarian universities ranking. Such investigation related to RSCI use as an analytical tool for Bulgarian historical publications was carried out for the first time.